What are the Signs and Symptoms of a Mini Stroke
The temporary blockage of blood flow to the brain as a result of a thrombus is referred to as a TIA or Mini Stroke. In this instance, the body will react by quickly releasing tPA to dissolve the clot on its own. This body function results in symptoms, however does not result in any damage to brain tissue. This TIA is a warning sign from your body that an impending stroke will occur and medical help should be sought immediately. These mini warning signs happen in ischemic episodes and although ischemic and hemorrhagic are completely opposite situations, they both carry the same symptoms and inclinations.
An ischemic event occurs when the clot totally occludes an artery, preventing blood flow. This causes ischemia leading to cell death, and loss of functionality of the extremities, including the face.
Other conditions that can lead to the formation of blood clots include Atrial fibrillation, previous heart attack, heart valve diseases, some STDs, cardiovascular disease and Cerebrovascular disease.
When arteries become narrow due to plaque buildup, this is referred to as the number one factor of ischemic episodes. When this occurs, clots are formed by cells and debris sticking to cracks in the plaque.
Blood clots form in the first place as a response to tissue injury. Platelets stick together to plug up an injury that is leaking blood. If the blood doesn’t clot, bleeding continues, leading to a host of other complications and problems.
Many times, the body is able to dissolve the clot itself by releasing an enzyme called plasmin, and then phagocytes (white blood cells that engulf waste matter) come along and clean up the debris left behind.
Decreased blood flow to the brain leads to signs and symptoms of confusion, sudden headache, loss of balance, and difficulty speaking. The symptoms appear for only minutes then soon disappear, and the victim suffers no brain damage. It is still advisable to get emergency help as a TIA is a warning that a major stoke is on the way. The goal of treatment at this point is to restore blood flow to the brain and prevent further damage.
In order for certain medications to work properly, they must be administered within three hours of the onset of symptoms. Hence, time is of the essence. If more time has elapsed before treatment can be given, the patient is likely to experience severe, irreversible damage. This is why it is crucial for everyone to know and recognize the signs and symptoms of a stroke.
Mini stroke can come on suddenly. There is no warning because the TIA itself serves as a warning of a major ischemic episode. A major stroke usually happens within a year of a mini stroke; however, this can be avoided and prevented with appropriate treatment. Your doctor can perform tests to determine your risk for more serious complications if you seek medical treatment at the first sign or symptom of a mini stroke.
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